Yes — and federal/state volunteer immunity laws (the federal Volunteer Protection Act and similar state statutes) provide only limited protection. They generally don’t cover claims involving compensation decisions, willful misconduct, federal civil rights violations, or many financial-management claims. They also don’t cover defense costs, which are often the largest expense even when claims are dismissed. D&O insurance is the practical protection that lets qualified people serve on non-profit boards without putting their personal assets at risk. Most experienced board candidates today require D&O before agreeing to serve.